14: Source Citations: Examples
- Notes and bibliography as the default citation system for this chapter
- Elements to include when citing a book
- Form of author’s name and title of book in source citations
- Non-English bibliographic terms and abbreviations
- Editor in place of author
- Editor or translator in addition to author
- Other contributors listed on the title page
- Chapter in a single-author book
- Contribution to a multiauthor book
- Several contributions to the same multiauthor book
- Book-length work within a book
- Introductions, prefaces, afterwords, and the like
- Letters in published collections
- Online-only supplement to a book
- Editions other than the first
- Reprint editions and modern editions
- Microform editions
- Volume numbers and page numbers
- Citing a multivolume work as a whole
- Citing a particular volume in a note
- Citing a particular volume in a bibliography
- Chapters and other parts of individual volumes
- One volume in two or more books
- Authors and editors of multivolume works
- Series titles, numbers, and editors
- Series or multivolume work?
- Multivolume work within a series
- “Old series” and “new series”
- Publisher and date
- Place of publication
- Place and date only, for books published before 1900
- Preferred form of publisher’s name
- Abbreviations and omissible parts of a publisher’s name
- “And” or ampersand in publisher’s name
- Non-English publishers’ names
- Self-published or privately published books
- Parent companies, imprints, and such
- Special academic imprints and joint imprints
- Copublication
- Distributed books
- Publication date—general
- New impressions and renewal of copyright
- Multivolume works published over more than one year
- No date of publication
- Forthcoming publications
- Arabic versus Roman numerals
- Citing a range of page numbers or other specific locators
- Page references with “ff.” and “passim”
- Abbreviations for “page,” “volume,” and so on
- When to omit “p.” and “pp.”
- When to omit “vol.”
- Page and chapter numbers
- Signed signatures
- Numbered leaves, or folios
- Line numbers
- Citing numbered notes
- Citing illustrations and tables
- Downloadable ebook formats and audiobooks
- Page numbers in ebooks
- Books consulted online
- Freely available electronic editions of older works
- Books on CD-ROM and other fixed media
- “Periodicals” defined
- Information to be included
- Journals versus magazines
- Basic structure of a periodical citation
- Journal article—author’s name
- Journal article—title
- Title of journal
- Journal volume, issue, and date
- Journal page references
- URLs for journal articles
- Access dates for journal articles
- Article page numbers in relation to volume or issue numbers
- Ahead-of-print and forthcoming articles
- Journal article preprints
- Journal special issues
- Journal supplements
- Articles published in installments
- Article appearing in two publications
- Place where journal is published
- Translated or edited article
- New series for journal volumes
- Short titles for articles
- Abstracts
- Electronic supplements or enhancements to journal articles
- Basic citation format for magazine articles
- Magazine departments
- Basic citation format for news articles
- Newspaper headlines
- Titles of newspapers
- Non-English titles of newspapers
- Regular columns or features
- Letters to the editor and readers’ comments
- Weekend supplements, magazines, and the like
- Citing a newspaper article in text rather than in a bibliography
- Unsigned newspaper articles
- News services and news releases
- Basic citation format for reviews
- Book reviews
- Reviews of plays, movies, and the like
- Unsigned reviews
- Titles for websites, blogs, and social media
- Citing web pages and websites
- Citing blog posts and blogs
- Citing social media content
- Electronic mailing lists and forums
- Unpublished interviews
- Unattributed interviews
- Published or broadcast interviews
- Personal communications
- Citing AI-generated content
- Theses and dissertations
- Unpublished manuscripts
- Papers or posters presented at meetings
- Working papers and the like
- Pamphlets, reports, and the like
- Private contracts, wills, and such
- Overview and additional resources
- Note forms versus bibliography entries
- Specific versus generic titles for manuscript collections
- Dates for manuscript collections
- Folios, page numbers, and such for manuscript collections
- “Papers” and “manuscripts”
- Location of depositories
- Collections of letters and the like
- Examples of note forms for manuscript collections
- Examples of bibliography entries for manuscript collections
- Letters and the like in private collections
- Reference works consulted in physical formats
- Reference works consulted online
- Citing individual reference entries by author
- Citing paintings, photographs, and sculpture
- Citing exhibition catalogs
- Citing maps
- Citing secondary sources of Indigenous knowledge
- Citing Indigenous sources of knowledge directly
- Biblical references—additional resource
- Bible chapter and verse
- Versions of the Bible
- Other sacred works
- Where to cite classical references
- Identifying numbers in classical references
- Abbreviations in classical references
- Punctuation in classical references
- Citing specific editions of classical references
- Titles of classical works and collections
- Superscripts in classical references
- Collections of inscriptions
- Fragments of classical texts
- Modern editions of the classics
- Medieval references
- Citing editions of classic English poems and plays
- Short forms for citing classic English poems and plays
- Published scores
- Unpublished scores
- Citing databases and datasets
- Patents
- Standards
- Citations taken from secondary sources
- Multimedia—elements of the citation
- Discographies, filmographies, and the like
- Musical recordings
- Recorded readings, lectures, and the like
- Video and film recordings
- Live performances
- Online videos
- Podcasts
- Video games and other apps
- Recommended stylebooks
- Legal and public documents online
- Note form for legal-style citations
- Typefaces in legal-style citations
- Page numbers and other locators in legal-style citations
- Abbreviations in legal-style citations
- Short forms for legal-style citations
- Cases and court decisions—basic elements
- United States Supreme Court decisions
- Lower federal-court decisions
- State- and local-court decisions
- Constitutions
- Legislative documents—abbreviations
- Laws and statutes
- Bills and resolutions
- Hearings
- Congressional reports and documents
- Congressional debates since 1873
- Records of congressional debates before 1873
- State laws and municipal ordinances
- Presidential documents
- Treaties
- Secondary sources and freestanding publications
- Unpublished documents in US archives
- Canadian reference works
- Canadian legal cases
- Canadian statutes
- Unpublished documents in Canadian archives
- UK reference works
- Periods in UK legal citations
- UK legal cases
- UK parliamentary publications
- UK statutes
- Publication of UK parliamentary debates
- UK command papers
- Unpublished documents in UK archives
- Intergovernmental bodies
- United Nations documents