Index
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
S
References are to paragraph numbers except where specified as table or figure (fig.).
- Saint, St.
- alphabetizing, 15.82, 15.101
- for names of saints, 8.94, 10.22, 15.50
- personal names with, 15.82
- place-names with, 10.35, 11.28, 15.98, 15.101
- when to spell out, 10.22
- See also saints
- saints
- as authors, 13.85
- indexing names of, 15.50
- non-English names of, 11.28
- in text, 8.94, 10.22
- sans serif, 7.70
- Sanskrit language, 11.81
- scale, 3.19
- scans and scanning
- and copyright issues, 4.17
- for electronic versions of older works, 14.61
- for illustrations, 2.32, 2.52, 3.15
- of manuscripts, 2.77
- OCR for, 2.48, 10.55
- of proofs, 2.128
- scarcely, 5.237
- scare quotes, 7.60, 7.62, 11.54, 13.96
- schedules. See publishing schedules
- scholarly works
- abbreviations and symbols used in, 10.48–49
- anonymity of research subjects in, 12.58
- and citation management software, 13.13
- conflicts of interest noted in, 1.104
- editors’ notes in, 1.50
- and electronic subsidiary rights, 4.112
- fair-use tradition in, 4.91
- licensing revenue supporting, 4.71
- retaining original meaning of quotations, 12.60
- role of quotations in, 12.2
- role of source citations in, 13.1
- scientific, technical, and medical (STM) works
- abstracts of, 1.102, 1.104
- authors’ warranties for, 4.77
- and continuous publishing model, 1.91, 1.123
- databases in place of indexes for, 1.119–20
- errata in, 1.77
- hyperlinks for source citations in, 13.6
- illustrations in, 2.33, 3.11, 3.18, 3.25, 3.27, figs. 3.6–9
- indexes for, 15.6, 15.7, 15.11, 15.26
- joint authorship in, 4.7
- journal formats in, 1.86
- LaTeX markup for, 3.29
- letters to the editor in, 1.110
- numbers in, 9.1, 9.3, 9.56
- and open-access publishing models, 4.65–66
- percent symbol in, 9.20
- preprints of, 1.122, 4.66
- publication histories for, 1.113
- punctuation in, 6.9
- sections and subsections in, 1.63
- source citations for: access dates in, 14.157; author-date reference system of, 13.3; et al. in, 13.78; journal titles in, 14.69; in numbered reference system, 1.117, 13.31; titles of works in, 8.170
- subheads in, 1.62–63
- tables in, 3.49, 3.79
- titles of, 8.170
- twenty-four-hour system of time in, 9.41
- units of measurement in, 9.18
- See also computer terminology; mathematical copy and expressions; scientific and technical terminology
- scientific and technical terminology
- abbreviations for: astronomical and astrophysical, 9.11, 10.66–68; botanical and zoological, 8.122–25, 8.160; capitalization of, 10.6, 10.55; chemical elements, 10.69; latitude and longitude, 10.41; list of, 10.55; periods omitted from, 10.4; resources on, 10.1; SI units, 10.55, 10.57–65; statistics, 10.56; US units of measure, 10.72
- astronomical and astrophysical, 8.138–43, 9.11, 10.66–68
- botanical (see botanical terminology)
- data as plural, 5.16, 5.254
- genetic, 8.132–34, 10.55
- geological, 8.135–37
- medical, 8.144–47, 9.8
- physical and chemical, 7.96 (sec. 1), 8.148–53, 10.69
- resources on, 8.120, 8.129–32, 8.135, 8.138, 8.144, 8.147–48
- zoological (see zoological terminology)
- See also International System of Units; metric system; scientific, technical, and medical (STM) works; units of measurement
- scientific notation (powers of ten), 9.10, 9.12–13
- screen and stage names, 8.6, 10.14, 14.105–6, 15.42, 15.72
- scriptures, 8.104–5, 14.138–41. See also Bible; religious works
- sculptures, 8.58, 8.200, 14.133
- search engines
- and abstracts, 1.85
- and emphasis, 7.53
- vs. indexes, 1.120, 15.2, 15.7
- journal-specific, 1.95
- and keywords, 1.102, 1.120, 2.30
- and metadata, 1.101
- and plurals, 7.5
- searching
- in electronic publications, 3.2, 13.20, 15.2
- in manuscript files, 2.41, 2.84–86
- in PDF files, 2.116, 2.138, 15.111, 15.114
- See also search engines
- seasons, 1.89, 8.89, 14.70. See also dates
- secondary sources, 14.160, 14.192
- section mark, 3.80, 10.49, 14.174
- section numbers, as locators
- in double or multiple numbering, 1.63
- in electronic publications, 14.59
- in indexes, 15.12, 15.14, 15.109
- in legal and public documents, 14.174, 14.184, 14.196
- in newspapers and news sites, 14.89
- sections and subsections
- abbreviation for section (sec.), 10.48–49
- in bibliographies, 13.67, fig. 13.9, 14.163
- cross-references to, 2.40
- in journals, 1.92, 1.96, 1.104
- in newspapers and news sites, 14.89
- openings of, decorative initials for, 12.36
- in scientific, technical, and medical works, 1.63
- symbol for, 3.80, 10.49, 14.174
- titles of, 13.64, 13.102, 13.111
- use of term, 1.54
- See also section numbers, as locators; subheads
- see, 13.45. See also cross-references, in indexes; cross-references, in source citations; cross-references, in text
- seldom, 5.237
- selected bibliographies, 13.68, fig. 13.9
- self, as prefix, 7.96 (sec. 3)
- self, as suffix, 5.51–52, 5.55, 5.254
- self-published books
- biographical notes in, 2.3
- book design for, 2.3
- checking markup for, 2.79
- copyright pages of, 1.22–23
- cover or jacket copy for, 2.3
- descriptions in lieu of abstracts for, 1.85, 2.3, 2.29
- editing, 2.6, 2.53, 2.58
- and editions, 1.28
- illustrations in, 3.15
- ISBNs and bar codes for, 1.22, 1.36
- manuscript preparation guidelines for, 2.41
- metadata for, 1.84–85
- and PCN (Preassigned Control Number) program, 1.38
- and place of publication, 14.36
- proofreading, 2.106, 2.142
- publication process for, 2.3–4
- “published by the author” as publisher’s name for, 14.36
- retail platforms for, 1.84–85, 2.41, 2.79, 4.75, 14.36
- source citations for, 14.36
- title pages in, 1.21
- titles and subtitles of, 2.3
- version numbers for, 1.31
- semantic markup, 7.50
- semi, as prefix, 5.254, 7.96 (sec. 4)
- semicolons, 6.60–64
- em dashes instead of, 6.91
- marking proofs for, 2.137
- other punctuation with: ellipses, 12.63; parentheses, 6.104; quotation marks, 6.10
- in source citations: for classical Greek and Latin works, 14.145; for copublications, 14.39; with more than one subtitle, 13.92; notes with multiple citations, 13.61; and or with double titles, 13.93; text citations, 13.116, 13.118, 13.122, 13.124
- uses of: in complex series, 6.64; before conjunctions, 6.63; before conjunctive adverbs, 6.52, 6.61; between independent clauses, 6.60–63; in indexes, 15.17, 15.20, 15.23, 15.25, 15.104; in lists, 6.140, 6.142; in mathematical copy, 10.71; in non-English languages, 11.9, 11.126; for series of elements in sentences, 6.64, 6.140; in tables, 3.81; before that is, namely, for example, and such, 6.54, 6.62; in titles of works, 8.167, 11.9, 13.92–93; with translations plus sources, 11.15
- See also colons; punctuation
- sensitivity readings, 2.54
- sentence adverbs, 5.162
- sentence case
- titles of works in: basic principles and examples of, 8.159; classical Greek and Latin works, 11.61, 14.147; “down” style, 8.1; in journal reference lists, 8.159, 8.170; non-English, 11.8, 11.30, 11.119, 13.89, 13.100–101, 14.25, 14.92; and permissible changes, 8.167; translations, 13.101
- uses of, other: in captions, 3.21; for chart titles, 3.45; for first lines of poems, 8.184, 15.144; for mottoes, 7.65; for non-English words and phrases, 11.5, 11.29; for subheads, 1.62, 2.22, 2.65, 8.159; in tables, 3.55–57, 3.60
- See also capitalization
- sentence fragments. See ellipses, grammatical
- sentences
- adverbs modifying, 5.162
- beginnings of: abbreviations at, 10.11; conjunctions at, 5.209–10, 5.254, 6.63; lowercased names at, 8.4–5; mathematical symbols at, 10.11, 10.71; numbers at, 9.5, 9.31; percentages at, 9.20; years at, 9.5, 9.31; yes or no at, 6.37, 12.47
- deliberately incomplete, 12.64
- ellipses after complete, 12.62
- glossed ASL, 11.143
- and list format, 6.140–42
- and mathematical expressions, 10.71
- one-word, 5.101
- parallel structure in, 5.249–52
- in parentheses, 6.13, 6.104
- parenthetical elements in, 6.51, 6.54, 6.91, 6.101
- pauses or breaks in, 6.16, 6.93 (see also interjections)
- prepositions ending, 5.186
- questions within, 6.45, 6.67, 6.69, 6.73–74
- run-on (comma splices), 6.23, 6.49, 6.61
- series of elements in (see series of elements in sentences)
- series of related, 6.65
- spacing between, 2.11, 2.85, 6.7, 6.12
- subjects and predicates of, 5.20
- traditional structures of, 5.224–27
- types of, 5.218–23; complex, 5.226, 5.232; compound, 5.225; compound-complex, 5.227; declarative, 5.218, 6.12, 6.72; elliptical (see ellipses, grammatical); exclamations, 5.223, 5.236, 6.38; imperative (see imperative sentences [directives]); interrogative (see questions); simple, 5.224
- URLs within, 6.8
- See also clauses; syntax
- September 11, 2001, 9.37
- sequels, numerals for, 8.191, 9.45
- Serbian language, 11.77
- serial (Oxford) commas, 6.19–21, 6.24–25, 8.167, 14.34. See also commas
- serial publications, copyright registration forms for, 4.50. See also periodicals
- serial rights, first or second, 4.112
- series, 8.178
- series of elements in sentences
- and ampersands, 6.21
- colons to introduce, 6.65, 6.71
- commas within (serial commas), 6.19–21, 6.24–25, 8.167, 14.34
- and em dashes, 6.92
- semicolons within, 6.64, 6.140
- series of lectures. See lectures and lecture series
- series of works
- consistent style in, 2.55
- ISBNs and ISSNs for, 1.36
- source citations for, 13.88, 14.25–28
- style sheets for, 2.61
- titles of: artworks, 8.200; in book review and book notes sections, 1.107; capitalized but not italicized, 8.2, 8.178, 13.88, 14.25–26; on covers or jackets, 1.79; in front matter, 1.4, 1.19–20; as metadata, 1.84; proofreading, 2.113
- unfinished date ranges for, 6.84
- working papers in, 14.116
- See also multivolume works; volumes and volume numbers
- serif, 2.9, 7.70
- sexual orientation, terms for, 8.42, 10.26
- shading, 3.19, 3.44, 3.65
- shall, 5.135, 5.238, 5.254
- shan’t, 5.238
- s/he, 5.254
- she, her, hers, 5.53, 5.54
- ships and other craft, 8.2, 8.117–19, 8.175, 13.97
- shortened citations, 13.32–39
- vs. abbreviated titles, 13.63
- authors’ names in, 13.33, 13.35, 14.10, 14.84
- basic structure of, 13.33
- biblical citations, 14.139
- and bibliographies, 13.65, 13.68
- for classic English works, 14.154
- for classical Greek and Latin works, 14.144
- for coauthored works, 13.35
- for contributions to same multiauthor books, 14.10
- criteria for, 13.32
- and cross-references to full citations, 13.34
- databases in, 14.177
- for edited volumes, 13.35, 14.10
- examples and variations of, 13.21–22
- vs. ibid., 12.77, 13.37, 13.51
- idem, op. cit., loc. cit., discouraged, 13.37–39
- in illustration credit lines, 3.33
- for journal articles, 14.84
- in legal style, 14.176–77, 14.180
- for letters in published collections, 14.13
- for manuscript collections, 14.127
- for multivolume works, 14.20
- in notes, 2.69, 13.18, 13.21, 13.32–39, 13.51
- of poetry extracts, 12.83, 14.154
- of quotations, 12.77–78, 12.81
- for same-author, same-year works in text citations, 13.123
- for secondary sources, 14.192
- and short forms for DOIs and URLs, 13.9
- in table source notes, 3.78
- and very long titles, 12.67, 13.99
- for works with unknown authors in text citations, 13.125
- should, 5.154–55, 5.254
- SI. See International System of Units; metric system
- sic, 6.77, 7.57, 12.72
- sideheads, 1.62, 2.22, 2.65, 6.14
- signatures (names), 1.46, 6.14, 10.13
- signatures (press sheets), 3.6, 14.53, 14.123
- signed languages, 11.135. See also American Sign Language
- signs and notices, 7.64
- simple adverbs, 5.165
- simple sentences, 5.224
- since, 5.207, 5.208, 5.254
- single quotation marks. See under quotation marks
- single-glyph fractions, 6.117
- singular. See number (grammar): of nouns and pronouns
- singular they, 5.44, 5.51–52, 5.82, 5.157–58, 5.160, 5.265–66
- Sir, Dame, 8.33, 15.46
- site licenses, 1.95
- site maps, 2.142
- slang, 5.99, 7.60, 7.62
- slant. See slashes
- slashes, 6.112–21
- in abbreviations, 6.116, 10.4
- alternative terms for, 6.112
- vs. backslashes, 6.112, 6.120
- in dates, 6.114–15, 6.121, 9.66
- dividing poetry lines, 6.118, 6.121, 12.29, 12.33
- double, dividing poetry stanzas, 12.33
- in fractions, 6.117, 6.121, 9.17
- in illustration credit lines, 3.37
- with issue numbers, 14.70
- and line breaks, 6.121
- in mathematical expressions, 6.117, 9.17
- resources on, 6.112
- signifying alternatives, 6.113
- trailing, 13.12
- in two-year spans, 6.114, 6.121
- in URLs and DOIs, 6.120, 7.47, 13.12
- See also punctuation
- small caps (small capitals)
- for abbreviations, 10.9, 10.46
- for a.m. and p.m., 9.39, 10.46
- for brand names and trademarks, 8.155
- for emphasis, 7.54
- for era abbreviations, 9.36
- vs. full caps, 7.54, 9.36, 10.9, 10.43
- for glosses in ASL, 11.138–45
- marking proofs for, 2.136
- after ornamental text breaks, 1.64
- and permissible changes, 12.8
- proofreading for, 2.118
- See also capital letters
- “smart” (directional) quotation marks and apostrophes, 2.90, 6.123, 6.125, 7.30, 12.7
- so, 5.92, 6.22
- so that, 5.207
- so-called, 7.62
- social abbreviations, 10.6, 10.78
- social media
- abbreviations used in, 10.6, 10.78
- alternatives to bold and italic in, 7.53, 7.66, 8.165
- capitalization in, 8.154, 10.6, 10.78
- punctuation in, 5.223
- source citations for, 13.17, 14.106; blogs and blog posts, 14.103, 14.105; electronic mailing lists, 14.107; personal communications through, 14.106, 14.111; titles in, 14.103; URLs in, 14.106
- titles for, 8.193–94, 14.103
- See also websites and web pages
- social titles, 10.4, 10.18–19, 12.51
- soft vs. hard hyphens, 2.101
- software. See computer software
- solid (closed) compounds, 7.88–89, 7.95. See also compound terms
- solidi. See slashes
- some, 5.9
- some, as prefix, 5.245
- somewhat, 5.161
- songs, 8.196. See also musical works
- sort, sorts, 5.56
- sound recordings
- discographies for, 1.70, 14.162–63
- source citations for, 14.163–64
- titles of, 8.199
- See also multimedia content
- source citations, 13.1–5
- author queries about, 2.68–69, 2.70, 2.75
- authors’ names in (see authors’ names, in source citations)
- basic elements of, 14.2
- basic systems of, 1.117, 12.75, 13.2–3
- and citation management software, 13.13, 13.15
- editing, 2.69–71
- flexibility and consistency in, 2.70, 13.4
- house style for, 2.70, 13.2–4
- hyperlinks for (see hyperlinks for source citations)
- materials cited in text or notes rather than bibliographies: abstracts, 14.85; AI-generated content, 14.112; artwork, 14.133; blog posts, 14.105; classical Greek and Latin works, 14.142; legal and public documents, 14.172; magazine articles, 14.87; maps, 14.135; news articles, 14.89, 14.96; performances, 14.166; personal communications, 14.111; reference works, 14.130–31; social media content, 14.106; theses and dissertations, 14.113; unpublished manuscripts, 14.114; unsigned newspaper articles, 14.97; video games and apps, 14.169; websites and web pages, 14.104–5
- mentioning versus citing, 13.5
- page numbers in (see page numbers, in source citations)
- purpose of, 13.1
- remedies for excessive annotation (see notes: remedies for excessive annotation)
- and secondary sources, 14.160
- shortened citations (see shortened citations)
- style manuals for, 2.60, 13.3
- titles of works in (see titles of works, in source citations)
- See also author-date reference system; bibliographies; illustration credits and credit lines; notes; notes and bibliography system; reference lists; source notes; titles of works, in source citations; and specific types of sources (e.g., books) and specific elements (e.g., authors’ names)
- source notes
- for previously published materials, 1.56, 2.51, 4.82, 13.58
- for tables, 2.36, 3.77–78, 3.82, fig. 3.12, fig. 3.16, fig. 3.21
- See also attribution; illustration credits and credit lines; source citations; text citations
- South, south, 8.47–48
- South Asian languages, 11.118–19, table 11.2, 15.87
- sovereigns and other rulers
- Arabic names of rulers of older times, 8.15
- as authors, 13.85
- indexing, 15.45, 15.74, 15.106
- and legal and public documents, 14.200, 14.202, 14.204
- numerals with names of, 9.43, 15.74
- regnal years of, 14.202
- titles of, 8.24, 15.45, 15.74, 15.106
- See also nobility
- Soviet Union, former, 10.36
- sp., spp., 8.123–24, 8.160
- space bar, 2.15
- spacecraft, 8.118, 9.46. See also vehicles and vessels
- spaces and spacing, 6.127–30
- with abbreviations, 9.18, 10.5, 10.12, 10.14, 10.55, 10.63–64, 10.74
- in biblical citations, 9.28
- in captions, 3.23
- of characters in different font styles, 6.5
- between consecutive em dashes, 6.79
- with decimals, 9.57
- and electronic file cleanup, 2.85
- in electronic publications, 6.11, 6.128, 9.57–58
- em spaces, 2.131, 3.23, 3.55, 6.128
- with emojis, 6.137
- en spaces, 6.128, 12.29
- with ff., 14.48
- figure spaces, 6.129
- hair spaces, 6.5, 6.11, 6.128
- in indexes, 15.28, 15.34, 15.67–69, 15.130
- with initials, 2.85, 6.129, 7.69, 8.4, 10.14, 13.76
- and justification, 2.130, 6.128–29
- marking manuscripts and proofs for, 2.103, 2.130
- in mathematical copy and expressions, 6.130, 12.69
- with multiplication sign, for plant hybrids, 8.126
- of names with particles, 8.5
- nonbreaking (see nonbreaking spaces)
- in non-English materials and quotations: French, 11.31–32, 11.34–35; Italian, 11.54–55; permissible changes to, 11.9, 11.13, 11.21; Spanish, 11.70, 11.72
- with numbers, 6.66, 6.129, 9.27, 9.57–60, 14.56
- within paragraphs, 2.15
- with percent symbols, 9.20
- with punctuation, 6.7, 6.12, 6.66, 14.18; ampersands, 10.12; colons, 2.11, 6.7, 6.66, 13.91, 14.18, 14.51, 14.70, 14.74; ellipses, 6.129, 11.56, 11.72, 12.59, 12.63–64, 12.67–68; en dashes, 6.84, 14.43; parentheses, back-to-back, 6.104; periods, 2.11, 6.7, 6.12; slashes, 6.113, 6.118, 12.29, 12.33; 2-em dashes, 6.99
- between sentences, 2.11, 2.85, 6.7, 6.12
- with suspended hyphens, 7.95, 7.96 (sec. 1)
- in table titles, 3.55
- thin (see thin spaces)
- types of, summary of, table 6.2
- Unicode for, 6.128–29, table 6.2, 10.63
- with units of measurement, 6.127, 6.129, 7.44, 9.18
- of URLs, 6.120
- in vertical lists, 6.141
- width of, 6.128
- word spaces (added with space bar), 6.128–29
- zero-width, 7.47
- See also leading; line spacing; lines (text); margins
- Spanish language, 11.67–76
- abbreviation of Spanish (Sp.), 10.48
- capitalization in, 11.68
- dialogue in, 11.71
- names, 8.12, 15.91–92
- punctuation in: ellipses, 11.72; em dashes, 11.70–71; guillemets and quotation marks, 11.70–71; question marks and exclamation points, inverted, 11.21, 11.69
- resources on, 11.67, 11.74
- special characters in, 11.76
- word division in, 11.73–75
- spanner heads (decked heads), 3.54, 3.58, 3.89, fig. 3.12, fig. 3.14, fig. 3.17, fig. 3.22
- speaker tags, 12.14–15, 12.23, 12.40–41, 12.48, 12.50
- speakers’ names (dialogue and drama), 12.8, 12.40, 12.50, 12.54, 12.56. See also dialogue; drama; lectures and lecture series; speaker tags; speech
- special characters
- and alphabetization, 15.75
- in archaic fonts, 12.7
- authors’ lists of, 2.4, 2.19, 11.23, 11.99, 11.132
- breathing marks, 2.85, 11.120, 11.122
- and conversion errors, 2.85, 2.142
- emojis as, 10.78
- eszett (ß) vs. Greek beta (β), 11.48
- and font choice for manuscript submission, 2.9
- in indexes, 15.29
- in-line images for, 2.142
- lists of in production checklists, 2.82
- in non-English languages, 11.2, 11.23, 11.77, 11.79–80, tables 11.1–5; African languages, 11.26; Arabic, 11.83–84, 11.88, 11.101, table 11.2; Azeri, 11.77; Czech, 11.77; Finnish, 11.77; French, 11.40; German, 11.48; Greek, 11.120–25, 11.127, table 11.4; Hawaiian, 11.77; Hebrew, 11.101, table 11.2; Hungarian, 11.77; Icelandic, 11.77; Indigenous languages, 11.49, 11.51; Italian, 11.60; Japanese, 11.94, table 11.2; Latin, 11.66; Moldovan, 11.77; Montenegrin, 11.77; Old and Middle English, 11.77, 11.132–34; Portuguese, 11.77; resources on, 11.48, 15.75; Romanian, 11.77; Russian, 11.107, table 11.3; Serbian, 11.77; South Asian languages, 11.118, table 11.2; Spanish, 11.76; specialized fonts for, 11.23, 11.79, 11.99, 11.111, 11.120; Turkish, 11.77; Uzbek, 11.77
- proofreading for, 2.118, 2.137, 2.142
- resources on, 11.83, 15.75
- style sheets for, 2.61
- and transliteration, 2.85, 11.2, 11.79, 11.81, 11.99
- Unicode, for Latin alphabet, 11.2, 11.23, 11.77, 11.133, table 11.1
- See also diphthongs; ligatures; mathematical copy and expressions; symbols; Unicode standard
- special issues, journal, 1.93, 1.96, 1.98, 1.111, 4.63, 14.77
- species names. See genus and species names
- speech
- colons with, 6.67, 6.69, 12.16, 13.14
- discussions and interviews, 12.56
- faltering or incomplete, 6.93, 6.95, 12.43, 12.59, 12.67
- grammatical ellipses in, 5.236
- interjections in, 5.214
- interrupted, 12.42, 12.44
- numerals in, 12.51
- questions in, 5.220
- single-word, 12.47
- unspoken discourse, 12.49
- See also dialogue; direct address; drama; quotations
- speeches
- names and titles of, 8.71, 8.77, 8.190
- numbers in, 12.51
- presidential, 8.77, 14.190
- source citations for, 14.115, 14.167, 14.190
- See also lectures and lecture series
- spelling
- of adjectives derived from personal names, 8.61
- of adverbs, 5.163
- of alphabet letters, 7.71
- author queries about, 2.75
- British-style, 5.104, 15.29
- checking, 2.85, 2.94, 2.116
- common errors of, 2.116
- consistency in, 2.71, 8.3
- of contractions, 7.30
- discipline-specific, 7.2
- editors’ notes on, 1.50
- in indexes, 15.29, 15.41, 15.79, 15.132
- of interjections, 7.31
- with ligatures, 7.34–35
- of metric units, 8.153
- in non-English languages, Indigenous languages, 11.50
- in non-US English, 7.3, 8.69, 8.153, 10.4
- and orthographic reforms, 11.41, 11.46, 11.48, 11.74, 11.77
- permissible changes to, 12.7, 13.90
- of personal names, 6.113, 8.3, 8.6, 11.85, 13.76, 15.41, 15.79
- proofreading, 2.116
- resources on, 7.1–2
- retaining original in quotations, 7.3
- and sic, 12.72
- of spelled-out abbreviations or numbers, 2.134
- variants in, 7.2, 7.9
- See also plurals; possessives; word division; and specific languages
- spell-out mark, 2.134
- spine and spine copy, 1.78–80, 1.93, 2.3, 2.113–14
- spiritual leaders. See clerical titles; religions and religious concerns
- split infinitives, 5.112, 5.176. See also infinitives
- sports, 8.69, 8.79, 9.8, 9.21
- square brackets. See brackets
- Sr. (Senior), 6.46, 7.42, 10.21, 15.49
- stable URLs (permalinks), 13.8, 13.17
- stacked heads, 1.62
- stacked style (indexes). See indexes: in indented style
- stage and screen names, 8.6, 10.14, 14.105, 14.106, 15.42, 15.72
- stage directions, 12.54
- standard deviations, notation of, fig. 3.8, 10.56
- Standard English, 5.3, 5.4, 5.267
- standards, source citations for, 14.159
- statements (declarative sentences), 5.218, 6.12, 6.72
- states (US)
- abbreviations and postal codes for, 6.42, 10.4, 10.9, 10.32, 10.34, 14.30, 14.91
- in addresses, punctuation with, 6.42, 10.34
- capitalization of, 8.52
- constitutions of, 14.181
- judicial bodies of, 14.180
- laws of, 14.189
- in newspaper titles, 14.91
- in places of publication, 14.30
- statistics, fig. 3.8, 10.56. See also mathematical copy and expressions
- status. See honorifics; titles and offices of people
- statutes. See legislation
- STEM publishing. See scientific, technical, and medical (STM) works
- step, as prefix, 7.96 (sec. 3)
- stereotypes. See inclusivity
- stet, 2.135
- sticky notes, 2.97
- STM publishing. See scientific, technical, and medical (STM) works
- stock agencies, material from, 3.37, 4.102, 4.105
- straddles. See spanner heads (decked heads)
- stratigraphy, 8.137. See also geological terminology
- stream of consciousness, 12.49
- streaming formats, 4.112, 8.191, 14.163
- streets, avenues, and such, 8.57, 9.8, 9.53, 10.38–39, 11.28–29, 11.68. See also addresses, mailing; roads and thoroughfares
- stressed syllables, short vertical lines marking, 6.119
- strong (irregular) verbs, 5.104
- struck-through text, 2.89
- stub columns, 3.60–65, fig. 3.12
- abbreviations in, 3.63
- and alignment, 3.71–72
- defined, 3.53
- formatting, 3.61, 3.75
- heads for, 3.57, 3.60, figs. 3.13–14, fig. 3.17
- leaders with, 3.65, fig. 3.17
- mathematical operational signs in, 3.85
- for matrixes, 3.69, figs. 3.18–19
- runover lines in, 3.62, fig. 3.13
- subheads in, 3.61, fig. 3.14
- tables without, 3.60, fig. 3.20
- See also tables
- stuttering, 12.44
- style
- defined, 2.55
- line editing for, 2.53
- manuals on, 2.60, 5.254, 13.3
- mechanical editing for, 2.55
- See also house style; style sheets (editorial)
- style, compound terms with, 7.96 (sec. 3)
- style sheets (editorial)
- for manuscript editing, 2.61, 2.88, 2.116, fig. 2.3, 9.7, 12.57
- for proofreading, 2.116–17
- style sheets (electronic), 3.89
- styles (word processors), 2.20, 2.22, 2.86–88, fig. 2.4, 11.7
- sub, as prefix, 7.96 (sec. 4)
- subentries. See index entries: subentries
- subheads, 1.61–63
- capitalization of, 1.62, 2.22, 2.65, 8.159
- cross-checking, 2.37, 2.65
- editing, 2.65
- in endnotes section, 13.49
- generic markup for, 2.65, 2.85–86
- levels, placement, and typographic style of, 1.62, 2.65
- manuscript preparation guidelines on, 2.22
- no punctuation following, 2.22, 6.14
- and note reference numbers, 13.30
- numbers with or instead of, 1.63
- proofreading, 2.118, 2.139
- run-in (sideheads), 1.62, 2.22, 2.65, 6.14
- single, 1.62
- stacked, 1.62
- text following, 1.61, 2.65
- uses of: as alternatives to page numbers, 13.117, 14.59, 14.71; in appendixes, 1.66; in bibliographies, 13.67, 14.163; in endnotes section, 1.69, 13.49, fig. 13.2; in journal articles, 1.106; in lists of illustrations, fig. 1.6; as running heads, 1.12–13; in tables, 3.59, 3.61–62, fig. 3.14; in tables of contents, 1.42, 1.96, 2.37, 2.63, 2.65
- See also sections and subsections
- subject headings, 1.84, 1.101–2, 1.104. See also keywords
- subjective case. See nominative (subjective) case
- subjective complements, 5.105
- subjects and disciplines, academic, 7.2, 7.61, 8.31, 8.86–87
- subject–verb agreement, 5.142–44, 5.146, 5.148, 5.211, 5.254
- subject–verb–object (SVO) pattern, 5.228–29
- subjunctive mood, 5.127–31
- subordinate clauses. See dependent (subordinate) clauses
- subordinating conjunctions, 5.181, 5.206–7, 5.232, 6.26, 6.28
- subordination, 5.232. See also dependent (subordinate) clauses
- subscriptions to journals, 1.93, 1.95, 2.114, 2.139. See also access rights
- subscripts
- in chemical symbols, 8.150
- in glossed ASL, 11.144
- marking manuscripts for, 2.99
- in mathematical expressions, 6.130, 7.73, 9.12, 9.17
- musical octaves, 7.77
- See also superscripts
- subsidiary rights, 4.112–14
- authors’ retention of, 4.18
- vs. basic rights, 4.17–18
- categories of, 4.112
- distribution outside the US, 4.35, 4.80, 4.112
- economic considerations for, 4.71, 4.113–14
- electronic rights, 4.75, 4.112–13
- granting permissions for, 4.110
- in the publishing agreement, 4.56
- translation rights, 4.35, 4.112
- See also copyright; intellectual property rights; permissions
- substantive editing, 2.53, 2.56–57
- substantive notes, 13.40–42, 13.52, 13.128, 15.32–33
- subtitles
- capitalization of, 8.159–60, 8.162, 8.166, 13.89–93
- cross-checking, 2.37, 2.64
- editing, 2.64
- generic, 13.91
- in indexes, 15.63
- for introductions, 1.53
- as metadata, 1.84
- omission of, 1.18, 1.78, 8.170, 15.63
- or connecting, 8.167, 13.93
- permissible changes to, 8.167, 11.9
- placement of, 1.55, 1.79
- punctuation with: colons, 1.21, 8.166–67, 13.91–93, 13.95, 13.98, 14.68; permissible changes to, 13.90; semicolons, 8.167, 13.92
- in running heads, 1.12, 2.81
- with sequel numbers, 9.45
- in source citations, 13.89–93, 14.64
- two or more, 8.167, 13.92
- subtrahends (back counters), 9.68
- such, 5.254
- such as, 5.254, 6.53
- such that, 5.207
- suffixes
- adjectives with: comparative forms, 5.89, 5.91–92; double comparative or superlative error, 5.91; overview of, 5.72; superlative forms, 5.90
- and adverbs, 5.163–64, 5.168–69
- division of words with, 7.40
- and gender, 5.13
- and hyphenation, 7.87
- and inclusivity, 5.263
- negating, 5.237
- pronouns: personal (-self), 5.51–52, 5.55, 5.254; relative (-ever), 5.69–70
- for words derived from proper nouns, 8.61
- See also compound terms
- sun, 8.142
- super, as prefix, 7.96 (sec. 4)
- superlative adjectives, 5.88, 5.90–91, 7.96 (sec. 1)
- superlative adverbs, 5.90–91, 5.169, 7.96 (sec. 1)
- superscripts
- in celestial coordinates, 10.67
- in classical Greek and Latin works, 14.148
- marking manuscripts for, 2.99
- mass numbers, 8.151
- in mathematical expressions, 6.130, 7.73, 9.10, 9.17
- in musical octaves, 7.77
- in non-English words and phrases, 11.30
- note reference numbers, 13.18, 13.27
- in notes to tables, 3.80, fig. 3.25
- ordinal numbers, 9.6
- See also subscripts
- supplementary data, electronic
- to books, 1.66, 14.14
- errata, 1.77
- hyperlinks to, 1.105
- illustrations, 3.26
- to journals, 1.87, 1.96, 1.105, 1.110, 1.115, 1.124, 3.26, 14.86
- metadata for, 1.124
- noted in print versions, 1.87
- source citations for, 14.14, 14.86
- in tables of contents, 1.87, 1.96
- supplements
- to journals, 14.78
- to newspapers and news sites, 14.95
- See also supplementary data, electronic
- supporting information. See supplementary data, electronic
- supra, as prefix, 7.96 (sec. 4)
- suspended compound terms, 5.96, 7.8, 7.95, 7.96 (sec. 1)
- suspension points, 12.59. See also ellipses (punctuation)
- s.v. (sub verbo, sub voce), 10.48, 14.130
- SVO (subject–verb–object) pattern, 5.228–29
- Swahili language, 11.25–26
- Swedish language, 11.77
- syllabaries, 11.93, 11.95
- symbols
- a or an with, 7.33
- for alignment, vertical and horizontal, 2.132
- in celestial coordinates, 10.67
- chemical, 7.96 (sec. 1), 8.150–51, 10.69
- copyediting (see manuscript editing: paper-only)
- for currency, 9.8, 9.22–27
- in illustrations or captions, 3.7, 3.25, 3.46, fig. 3.6, fig. 3.9
- as labels, 3.7, 3.46
- for large numbers, 9.11, 9.26
- mathematical (see mathematical copy and expressions: signs and symbols in)
- musical, 7.76–80, 8.162
- as note references, 3.80, 13.27–28, 13.52, 13.54, fig. 13.4, 15.35
- numerals with, 9.8
- for ornamental text breaks, 1.64
- for page numbers to be supplied later, 2.40
- on proofs (see proofreaders’ marks)
- scholarly, 10.48–49
- SI abbreviations referred to as, 10.2
- for SI units, 10.58, 10.60–64
- in tables, 3.63, 3.80, 3.83–85, figs. 3.13–14, fig. 3.23
- technical, 10.55
- for trademarks, 8.154
- for units of measurement, 3.57, fig. 3.13, 9.18–19, 10.58, 10.60–64
- in vertical lists, 2.14
- See also manuscript editing: paper-only; mathematical copy and expressions; proofreaders’ marks; special characters
- symposia. See conferences; lectures and lecture series; proceedings of conferences and symposia; speeches; unpublished and informally published materials; working papers
- syntax, 5.217–52
- for avoiding gender bias, 5.265
- in captions, 3.21
- clauses, 5.232–35
- defined, 5.217
- and expletives, 5.246–48
- in indexes, 15.10, 15.76, 15.128
- mechanical editing for, 2.55
- negation, 5.237–45
- parallel structure, 5.249–52
- and quotations, 12.11, 12.19–21
- sentence types, 5.218–23
- in tables, 3.55, 3.60
- and text citations, 13.122
- traditional sentence structures, 5.224–27
- See also ellipses, grammatical; word order
- synthetic comparatives, 5.89, 5.168
- synthetic superlatives, 5.90, 5.169
- synthetic vs. analytic languages, 5.217, 5.228
- Système international d’unités. See International System of Units