Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

T

References are to paragraph numbers except where specified as table or figure (fig.).

tables, 3.48–89, figs. 3.12–26
abbreviations for, 15.39
abbreviations in, 3.57, 3.63, 3.68, 3.82, figs. 3.13–14
and accessibility issues, 3.89
in appendixes, 1.69
appropriate use of, 3.49
basic structure of, 3.53, fig. 3.12
body and cells: alignment and formatting of, 3.71–76, figs. 3.20–22; defined, 3.53, 3.66; ellipses in, 3.68, 3.69, fig. 3.16, fig. 3.19; empty, 3.66, 3.68, 3.69, fig. 3.16, fig. 3.18, 6.98; multiple values in single cell, 3.70, fig. 3.14; numbers in, 3.57, 3.73, figs. 3.12–19, figs. 3.21–26; rows of, 3.71; words in, 3.74, fig. 3.20
broadside, 2.120, 3.52, 3.87–88, fig. 3.17
column heads: alignment of, 3.72; cut-in, 3.54, 3.59, fig. 3.15; format of, 3.57; for multiple values in single cell, 3.70, fig. 3.14; no periods in, 6.14; numbered, 3.87, fig. 3.25; parenthetical information in, 3.57, figs. 3.13–14; repeated, 3.87, fig. 3.26; rules to separate, 3.54, 3.58, 3.59, fig. 3.12, figs. 3.14–15; signs and symbols in, 3.85; spanner (decked), 3.54, 3.58, 3.89, fig. 3.12, fig. 3.14, fig. 3.17; text of in notes, 3.87, fig. 3.25
columns: alignment of, 3.72–74, figs. 3.20–21; data in, 3.67; in matrixes, 3.69, figs. 3.18–19; and totals, averages, and means, 3.75. See also column heads above
consistency in and across, 3.50, 3.55, 3.57, 3.60, 3.75, 3.80, 3.82, 3.87
continued lines in, 3.87–88, fig. 3.26
defined, 3.2
doubled up, 3.54, 3.87, fig. 3.24
editing (see under manuscript editing)
and electronic files, 2.31, 2.41, 2.85, 3.48
in electronic publications, 1.115, 3.49, 3.52, 3.73, 3.77, 3.89
as electronic supplementary data, 1.87
and fair use, 3.78, 4.95
generic markup for, 3.87, 3.89
and hyperlinks, 1.105, 1.115, 3.52, 3.77
vs. illustrations, 3.2
inclusive numbers in, 3.84
indentation in, 3.61–63, 3.74–75, fig. 3.14, fig. 3.22
indexing, 15.39, 15.140
in letters to the editor, 1.110
lists of (see lists of illustrations and tables)
machine-readable, 1.115
manuscript preparation guidelines on, 2.4, 2.26, 2.31, 2.34–36, 3.48
matrixes, 3.69, figs. 3.18–19
N, n in statistical, 3.56, 3.73, 3.76, 3.86, fig. 3.21
“not applicable” and “no data available” in, 3.68
notes to, 3.77–81; abbreviation definitions in, 3.63, 3.68, 10.36; broadside tables, 3.88; column head text in, 3.87, fig. 3.25; editing, 3.82; entire tables, 3.79, fig. 3.12, fig. 3.13, fig. 3.15, fig. 3.18, fig. 3.21, fig. 3.23, fig. 3.25; formatting, 2.36, 3.78–79; hyperlinks for, 1.115; vs. identical information in cells, 3.67; in manuscripts, 2.26; numbering, 2.26, 2.36, 3.80; order and placement of, 3.77; vs. parenthetical elements, 3.56; and rounding for totals, 3.76; significance (probability) levels in, 3.77, 3.81, fig. 3.23; source notes, 2.36, 3.77–78, 3.82, fig. 3.12, fig. 3.16, fig. 3.21; specific parts of tables, 3.80, fig. 3.12, figs. 3.14–16, fig. 3.25; unnumbered, 3.78
numbering, 1.63, 2.34, 2.72, 3.51, 3.55, 15.39
and pagination, 1.8
permissions for, 3.78, 4.100
placement of, 2.68, 3.52
proofreading, 2.120, 2.132, 2.142
punctuation in: ellipses, 3.68–69, fig. 3.16, fig. 3.19; em dashes, 3.68–69, 3.73, 6.98; notes to entire, 3.79; parentheses, 3.56–57, figs. 3.13–14; semicolons, 3.81; with significance (probability) levels, 3.77, 3.81, fig. 3.23; stub entries of, 3.60–61; titles of, 3.55–56
resources on, 3.48, 3.87
rules in, 3.54, 3.58, 3.59, 3.75, 3.87, figs. 3.12–26
and running heads, 1.16, 2.120, 3.87–88
runover lines in, 3.62, 3.74, figs. 3.13–14
shading in, 3.65
signs and symbols in, 3.63, 3.80, 3.83–85, figs. 3.13–14, fig. 3.23
source citations for, 1.115, 14.57
statistical material in, 10.56
stub columns (see stub columns)
syntax in, 3.55, 3.60
text references and callouts to (see callouts to illustrations and tables; text references to illustrations and tables)
thumbnails of, 1.105
titles of, 3.55–56, 3.79
totals in, 3.54, 3.64, 3.75–76, 3.82, figs. 3.16–17, fig. 3.22
units of measurement in, 3.57, fig. 3.13
word-processor function for, 2.41, 3.48, 3.89
as works made for hire, 4.10
See also captions; illustrations
tables of contents
abbreviations lists noted in, 1.49, 13.64
chapter titles in, 1.42, fig. 1.5, 2.21, 2.37, 2.64
components of, 1.42, fig. 1.5, 2.20
in creative works, 1.42–43
cross-checking, 2.37, 2.64–65
in ebooks, 1.43
in edited volumes, 1.42, 2.37, 2.46
editing, 2.63–64
in electronic publications, 1.95–96, 1.99, fig. 1.11
electronic supplementary data in, 1.87, 1.96
errata in, 1.77, 1.99
example of, fig. 1.5
and final manuscript, 2.80
galleries in, 1.42, 1.44, fig. 1.7, 3.40
in journals, 1.93, 1.95–96, 1.99, fig. 1.11, 2.114
lists of illustrations in, 1.44
in manuscripts, 2.20
omission of, 1.42–43
page numbers in, 1.42, fig. 1.5, 2.20, 2.139
and pagination, 1.7, 1.42
and permissions process, 4.109
placement of in books, 1.4, 1.42, 1.93, 2.20
proofreading, 2.139
running heads after first page of, 1.11
subheads in, 1.42, 1.96, 2.37, 2.63, 2.65
submission of, 2.4, 2.20
word-processor function for, 2.20
tabs, 2.14, 2.15, 2.23, 2.25, 2.28, 2.85, 6.143. See also indentation; margins
tabular material
abbreviations in, 10.3, 10.29, 10.31–32, 10.34, 10.36–37
manuscript preparation guidelines on, 2.34
placement of, 3.52
proofreading, 2.132
See also columns; tables
tactile languages, 11.135
tag questions, 5.220
tags
in formal markup languages, 2.88
See also markup for manuscript editing (generic markup); markup languages, formal
taxonomic indexes, 15.6
te reo Māori (Māori language), 11.49
technical writing. See computer terminology; scientific, technical, and medical (STM) works; scientific and technical terminology
technology. See computer software; computer terminology; scientific, technical, and medical (STM) works
telephone conversations. See personal communications
telephone numbers, 6.81, 9.58
television
broadcast networks, 8.191, 10.30
reviews of, 14.99, 14.101
source citations for, 14.165
titles of programs and episodes, 8.191, 13.88
See also multimedia content
temperature, 9.18, 10.41, 10.55, 10.58, 10.64
temporary compounds, 7.88
temporary (working) numbers, for illustrations, 2.33, 3.13–14
tenses. See under verbs
ter (Dutch particle), 8.11
territories, 10.4, 10.32–33. See also geographic terminology
tests (examinations), 4.10
text. See books; electronic publications; journals; manuscript preparation guidelines for authors
text breaks, 1.64, 2.10, 2.121
text citations, 13.115–28
abbreviations in, 10.3, 10.50, 13.63
additional material in, 13.118
authors’ names: authors with same last name, 13.116; editors’ names in place of, 14.5; et al. with, 13.123; organizations as, 13.127; pseudonyms as, 13.126; same author, same year, 13.114, 13.123; in text, not repeated in citation, 13.119; three or more, 13.123; unknown authors, 13.125. See also authors’ names
basic approach to: examples and variations of, 13.105–10; format of, 13.102, 13.116, fig. 13.13; function of, 13.111; order of references within citations, 13.124; page numbers, volume numbers, and other locators in, 13.117; page numbers in, 13.121, 13.124; placement of in text, 13.119–22
biblical citations, 10.50–53, 14.139
cross-checking, 2.37, 2.69, 13.115
ibid. in, 12.77, 13.62
and indexing, 15.37–38
multiple references in single, 13.124
for multiple references to same source, 12.77, 13.62, 13.121
for newspaper articles, 14.96
original, in quotations, 12.7
publication details in, 13.119, 14.43
punctuation in: brackets, 12.7, 13.122, 14.16; commas, 13.106, 13.117, 13.123–24, 14.44–45; semicolons, 13.116, 13.118, 13.122, 13.124
for quotations, 12.74–83; adding in brackets, 12.7; block quotations, 12.81–83, 13.120; “brackets in the original” in, 6.105; epigraphs, 1.41, 1.55, 12.35, 13.55; frequent quotations, 12.78; full citations, 12.76; ibid. in, 12.77; of non-English materials (see non-English materials: quotations in English context); parentheses with, 2.24, 12.75–83; placement of, 13.120; of poetry, 2.24, 12.82–83; retaining original, 12.7; run-in quotations, 12.79–80, 13.120; shortened citations, 12.77–78, 12.81
reducing notes by using, 13.37, 13.62
shortened citations, 12.77–78, 12.81, 13.123, 13.125
and syntax, 13.122
year plus a, b, c in, 13.114, 13.123
See also author-date reference system; reference lists; source citations; titles of works, in source citations
text figures. See illustrations
text messages
abbreviations used in, 10.78
as dialogue, 12.50
as personal communications, 14.111
punctuation in, 5.223
See also personal communications; social media
text references to illustrations and tables
vs. callouts, 2.35, 3.8, 3.52
cross-checking, 2.37, 2.71–72
figure, table spelled out in, 8.182
format for, 2.35
to numbered illustrations and tables, 3.9, 3.51, 8.182
to parts of illustrations, 3.12
and placement of features, 3.8, 3.52
See also callouts to illustrations and tables
textbooks, 1.10, 4.10, 4.80n1, 4.83, 4.108, 7.58, 13.66, 13.111
text-to-speech tools, 3.28, 3.89, 7.50, 11.7. See also alt text
Thai names, 15.93
than, 5.49, 5.189, 5.202, 5.207
that
antecedents of, 5.65, 5.67
as demonstrative pronoun, 5.56
instead of the fact that, 5.254
omitting, 5.212, 5.233
possessive form of, 5.65
prepositions with, 5.178
punctuation with, 6.29
quotations following, 6.43
as relative pronoun, 5.60
in remote relative clauses, 5.64
as subordinating conjunction, 5.207
vs. which, 5.254, 6.29
that if, 6.28
that is, 6.54, 6.62, 6.94
the
with celestial bodies, names of, 8.139
and coordinate nouns, 5.79
defined, 5.74–75
disregarded in alphabetization, 13.70, 13.81–82, 15.56, 15.99
with earth, 8.141
with epithets, 8.35
with ethnic and national group names, 8.39
with honorifics, 10.20
and index entries, 15.56–57, 15.96, 15.99, 15.143
with Indigenous group names, 7.10
meaning affected by, 5.79, 5.80–81
with non-English words and phrases, 8.60, 11.5
in periodical titles, 8.172, 14.69, 14.87, 14.91–92
in personal names, 8.5–6
in place-names, 8.46, 8.60, 10.33, 15.99
as pronoun substitute, 5.82
in publishers’ names, 14.33
in titles in running text, 8.171–72
in titles of news sites and blogs, 8.194
with titles of people, 8.22, 8.31, 10.20
in titles of periodical departments or columns, 8.179
in website titles, 8.193
See also articles (definite and indefinite)
their, theirs, 5.53–54, 5.82, 5.254
their, they’re, there, 5.54, 5.254
Thema, 1.84
themself, themselves, 5.51–52
then, for and then, 6.24, 6.61
there, 5.119, 5.239, 5.246, 5.248, 5.254
there, their, they’re, 5.54, 5.254
therefore, 5.254, 6.52, 6.61
theses. See dissertations and theses
they
and antecedents, 5.33
as indefinite, 5.50
for nonbinary people, 5.46, 5.52
singular, 5.44, 5.51–52, 5.82, 5.157–58, 5.160, 5.265–66
and verb number, 5.142
they, we, you, 5.50
they’re, there, their, 5.54, 5.254
thin spaces
in French materials, 11.31–32, 11.34–35
nonbreaking, 6.129, 9.57–58
in numbers, 9.57–58
for overlapping characters, 6.5
in poetry quotations, 12.29
between single and double quotation marks, 6.11, 6.128
though, 5.207
3-em dashes
keyboarding for manuscripts, 2.17
length of, 6.79
marking manuscripts for, 2.101
for repeated names in source citations, 2.17, 6.100, 13.69, 13.72–73, 13.113
through, 5.211, 6.83, 7.8, 9.62
thumbnails, 1.105, 1.116, 3.8, 3.52, 4.94
thus, 5.254, 6.61
time designations
abbreviations for, 10.42–47; a.m. and p.m., 9.39, 9.40, 10.46; chronology systems, 9.36, 9.66, 10.43; days of the week, 8.89, 10.45; eras, 9.36, 9.66, 10.43; and line breaks, 7.44; months, 10.44, 14.89, 14.122; numerical designations, 9.32, 9.34, 9.37, 9.39, 9.41–42; time zones, 8.91, 10.47; times of day, 10.46; units (seconds, minutes, etc.), 10.75
adverbs indicating, 5.171
capitalization of, 8.89–91, 10.47
chronology systems, 9.36, 9.66, 10.43
cultural periods, 8.72–75
decades, 9.35
eras, 8.136, 9.36, 9.66, 10.43
geological periods, 8.136
hyphenation of, 7.96 (sec. 1)
international systems of, 10.47
spelled out, 7.96 (sec. 1), 9.39, 9.40, 9.42
subordinating conjunctions for, 5.207
time zones, 8.91, 10.47, 14.89
times of day: abbreviations for, 10.46; en dashes with, 6.83; noon and midnight, 9.40; seconds and dates included with, 9.42; and twenty-four-hour system, 9.41–42
See also centuries; dates
time stamps, 14.58, 14.89, 14.104, 14.106, 14.131
time zones, 8.91, 10.47, 14.89
timeless facts, 5.133
Times New Roman, 2.9
title case, 8.1, 8.158
chapter and part titles in, 2.20, 2.64
examples of, 8.161
hyphenated compounds in, 8.162
journal article titles in, 8.170, 14.68
magazine article titles in, 14.87
magazine department titles in, 14.88
memes in, 8.203
mottoes in, 7.65
and newspapers and news sites, 14.90, 14.93
and non-English words and phrases, 11.5, 11.11–12, 11.61, 11.119, 14.35
and permissible changes, 8.167, 13.90
principles of, 8.160
publishers’ names in, 14.35
series titles in, 14.25
signs and notices in, 7.64
subheads in, 2.22, 2.65, 8.159
table titles in, 3.55, 3.56
and titles containing quotations, 8.163
and titles in captions, 3.21–22
and titles of works, 8.170, 13.89
unpublished titles in, 8.190
website titles in, 8.193, 14.103
See also capitalization
title pages, 1.18–21
authors’, editors’, and translators’ names on, 1.21, 13.74, 13.84, 14.3
authors of forewords on, 1.45
disclaimers on, 1.22
distribution information on, 14.40
for edited volumes, 2.46
editing, 2.63
edition numbers on, 1.21, 1.28, 14.15
for journal special issues, 1.98
land acknowledgments on, 1.22
in page sequence, 1.4
pagination omitted from, 1.4, 1.7
permissible changes to titles when citing, 8.167, 13.90, 13.93
places of publication on, 14.30
proofreading, 2.139
publication dates on, 1.21, 14.41
publishers’ names on, 1.21, 14.30, 14.32
revised and expanded edition noted on, 1.28
running heads omitted from, 1.11
submission of, 2.4
title capitalization on, 8.158
across two pages, 1.20
titled persons, 8.33, 15.46
titles and offices of people, 8.20–34
abbreviations for: academic and professional designations, 7.15, 10.4, 10.14, 10.18, 10.23–24; civil titles, 10.15, 10.16; honorifics, 10.20; military titles and ranks, 8.25, 10.15, 10.17; in non-English languages, 11.68; Saint, 10.22; social titles, 10.4, 10.18–19, 12.51
academic titles, 8.29–32, 10.14, 15.48
in apposition before names, 8.22, 8.31
capitalization of, 8.20–34; academic designations, 8.29–32; in apposition, 8.22, 8.31; basic rule for and exceptions, 8.20–21; civic and academic honors, 8.32; civil titles, 8.20, 8.23; descriptive titles, 8.31; “down” style for, 8.1; honorifics, 8.27, 8.34; kinship terms, 8.37; military and quasi-military titles, 8.20, 8.25–26; nobility, 8.33; in non-English languages, 11.53, 11.68; organizational and corporate titles, 8.28; popes, 8.27; religious titles, 8.20, 8.27, 8.34, 8.37; sovereigns and other rulers, 8.24
civil titles, 8.20, 8.23, 10.15–16, 14.185
job titles, 8.37
names replaced by, 8.20–21
nobility, 8.33, 15.46
President, president, 8.20, 8.22–23
religious titles: abbreviations for, 10.20; capitalization of, 8.20, 8.27, 8.34, 8.37; indexing, 15.47
saints, 8.94, 10.22, 11.28, 13.85, 15.50
social titles, 10.4, 10.18–19, 12.51
sovereigns and other rulers, 8.15, 15.45, 15.74, 15.106
the with, 8.22, 8.31, 10.20 (see also honorifics)
titles of works, 8.157–204
abbreviations of, 10.8, 13.63–64, fig. 13.7, 14.69
alphabetizing, 15.56–61, 15.64
artworks and exhibitions, 3.22, 8.58, 8.200–204, 13.88, 14.133–35, 15.58
in award and building names, 8.174
blogs, 8.194, 14.103, 14.105
in book review and book notes sections, 1.107
capitalization of, 8.158–63; basic principles of, 8.158; electronic mailing list subjects and threads, 14.107; exhibitions, 8.204; forms, 8.189; hyphenated compounds in, 8.162; initial The in periodical titles, 8.172; magazine articles, 14.87; manuscript collections, 14.121; musical works, 8.196–98; non-English works (see capitalization of non-English below); part and chapter titles, 2.20, 2.64; poetry, 8.184; quotations in, 8.163; as replacement for italics, 8.165; series and editions, 8.178; subtitles, 8.159–60, 8.162, 8.166, 13.89–93; title case, 8.1, 8.160 (see also title case); unpublished and informally published materials, 8.190; volume in, 8.177
capitalization of non-English, 11.8, 13.89, 13.100; Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, 11.98; English translations, 11.11–12, 13.101; French, 11.30; Latin, 11.61; newspapers and news sites, 14.92; series titles, 14.25
in captions, 3.21–22
conferences, meetings, or speeches, 8.71
as copyright management information, 4.15
on covers or jackets, 1.78–79, 8.158
cross-checking, 2.37
and departures from earlier practice, 8.172, 8.175, 13.94, 13.97, 14.69, 14.91
dissertations and theses, 8.190, 14.113
double titles connected by or, 8.167, 13.93
in epigraph sources, 1.41
folktales, fables, nursery rhymes, and such, 8.187
forms, 8.189
generic terms in, 8.173
inclusive years in, 9.66
indexing (see under indexing)
initial articles in, 8.165, 8.171–72, 8.193–94, 11.30, 13.100, 14.69, 14.87, 15.56–57, 15.59–60, 15.64
italicized terms within, 8.175, 13.97
italics for, 8.2, 8.164; abbreviations of, 10.8, 13.64; artworks, 8.58, 8.200–204, 13.88, 14.133; blogs, 8.194, 13.88, 14.103, 14.105; book-length works within books, 14.11; books, 8.164, 8.170, 13.88; within collected works of authors, 8.180; folktales, fables, nursery rhymes, and such, 8.187; generic terms in, 8.173; journals, 8.170, 13.26, 13.88, 13.110, 14.69; legal cases, 8.83, 14.173, 14.177; long poems, 8.183; memes, 8.203; movies, television, radio, and podcasts, 8.191; musical works, 8.196–97, 8.199; newspapers and news sites, 8.194, 13.88, 14.91, 14.103; in non-English languages, 11.10, 11.12, 11.98, 11.109, 13.101; pamphlets and reports, 8.188; periodicals, 8.164, 8.170; plays, 8.185; in shortened citations, 13.36; standards, 14.159; vessels and vehicles, 8.117; video games, 13.88
journal articles (see under journal articles)
journal supplements, 14.78
journals (see under journals)
magazine articles, 14.87
magazines, 14.88
maps, 8.201, 14.135
memes, 8.203
as metadata, 1.12, 1.84, 1.101, 2.81
movies, television, radio, and podcasts, 8.191, 13.88
multivolume works, 8.177
musical works, 8.196–99, 15.58
newspapers and news sites (see under newspapers and news sites)
non-English materials (see under non-English materials)
numbers in, 8.167, 13.90, 14.46
pamphlets and reports, 8.188
periodical articles and parts of books, 8.179–82
permissible changes to, in source citations, 8.167, 11.9, 13.90, 13.93, 13.99
for permission requests, 4.100
plays, 1.12, 8.185–86
plurals of, 7.12
poems, 1.12, 8.183–84, 8.186, 13.88
possessives of, 7.29
in production checklists, 2.82
proofreading, 2.113, 2.139
punctuation in: colons, 1.21, 8.166–67, 13.91–93, 13.95, 13.98, 14.68; commas, 6.17, 8.167, 8.169, 11.9, 13.93, 13.95, 14.127, 15.56–57; double titles connected by or, 8.167, 13.93; exclamation points, 6.133–35, 8.168, 13.98, 15.62; question marks, 6.133–35, 8.168, 13.98, 15.62; in relation to surrounding text, 6.6, 6.44, 8.168; semicolons, 8.167, 11.9, 13.92–93
quotation marks for, 8.2, 8.164; chapters, 8.164, 13.25, 13.88, 13.109, 14.8–9; conferences and speeches, 8.71; dissertations and theses, 14.113; electronic mailing list subjects and threads, 14.107; folktales, fables, nursery rhymes, and such, 8.187; journal articles, 8.164, 8.179, 13.88, 13.110, 14.68, 14.87; magazine articles, 14.87; memes, 8.203; in non-English languages, 11.12, 11.98; poems, 8.183, 13.88; reviews, 14.100–101; in shortened citations, 13.36; titles within, 8.175, 13.96; unpublished materials, 8.190, 14.114; website sections, 8.193–94, 14.103, 14.105
quotations in, 8.163, 13.96
as running heads, 1.12, 1.92
in running text, 8.168
sequels, 8.191, 9.45
series and editions, 8.2, 8.178
shortening, fig. 1.8, 2.81, 8.170, 8.172, 12.67 (see also shortened citations)
subjects not interchangeable with, 8.176
titles within, 8.175
trademark protection of, 4.16
unpublished materials, 8.190, 14.114
video games, 8.192
websites and web pages, 8.2, 8.193–94, 14.103–4, 14.173
works by single authors within collected volumes, 8.180
See also bibliographies; chapter titles; covers of journals and paperback books; half titles; reference lists; title pages; titles of works, in source citations
titles of works, in source citations, 13.87–101
abbreviations of, 13.63–64, fig. 13.7, 14.69; frequently cited works, 12.78, 13.63–64, fig. 13.7
alphabetical order for works by same authors, 13.70
and other stories and such with, 13.94
anonymous works, 13.81, 14.109
articles in, 8.172, 14.69, 14.87
in author-date reference system, 13.105–10, 13.125
authors’ names in, 13.80
capitalization of, 13.18, 13.89, 13.91–93; book titles and subtitles, 13.89–93; electronic mailing list subjects and threads, 14.107; journal articles, 14.68; journals, 8.170, 13.88, 14.69; magazine articles, 14.87; manuscript collections, 14.121; non-English language works, 13.100–101, 14.25, 14.69, 14.92; religious works, 8.104–8; specific vs. generic titles for manuscript collections, 14.121; websites, blogs, and social media platforms, 14.103
chapter titles, 13.25, 13.88, 13.109, 14.8–9, 14.173
classical Greek and Latin works, 14.145, 14.147–48
databases, 14.157
dates in, 13.95
dissertations and theses, 14.113
double titles with or, 13.93
electronic mailing list subjects and threads, 14.107
exclamation points in, 13.98
in footnotes vs. endnotes, 13.51
italicized terms within, 8.175, 13.97
italics for: book-length works within books, 14.11; books, 13.88; journals, 13.26, 13.88, 14.69; legal cases, 14.173, 14.177; magazines, 14.87; newspapers and news sites, 13.88, 14.91; in non-English languages, 13.101; in shortened citations, 13.36; standards, 14.159; video games, 13.88; websites, 13.88, 14.103, 14.105
journal titles, 13.26
legal-style citations: articles and chapters, 14.173; hearing testimony, 14.185; international entities, 14.207; legal cases, 14.173, 14.177; legislation, 14.196, 14.202; legislative debates, 14.187–88; legislative reports and documents, 14.186; treaties, 14.191
magazine articles, 14.87
magazines, 14.87–88
manuscript collections, 14.120–21, 14.124
maps, 14.135
multimedia content, 14.161, 14.163
non-English works, 13.36, 13.89, 13.91, 13.95, 13.100–101, 14.25, 14.92
older and very long titles, 12.67, 13.99
periodicals, 14.64
permissible changes to, 8.167, 11.9, 13.90, 13.93, 13.99
question marks in, 13.98
quotation marks for: chapters, 13.25, 13.88, 13.109, 14.8–9; dissertations and theses, 14.113; electronic mailing list subjects and threads, 14.107; journal articles, 13.88, 13.110, 14.68, 14.87; magazine articles, 14.87; poems, 13.88; in shortened citations, 13.36; titles within, 13.96; unpublished materials, 14.114; website sections and blog posts, 14.103, 14.105
reference works, 14.131
reviews, 14.99–102
series and editions, 14.25–26
series titles, 14.25
social media content, 14.103, 14.106
standards, 14.159
subtitles, 13.89–93, 14.64
titles within, 13.96
translated titles, 13.101
unpublished materials, 14.114
websites and web pages, 14.103–4, 14.173 (see also italics for and quotation marks for above)
to
in date ranges, 7.8
en dash meaning, 6.83, 6.85, 9.62
in infinitives, 5.110, 5.112, 5.161, 5.176
with ought, 5.254
for ratios, 9.60
in source citations for letters, 14.126
in title case, 8.160
TOC. See tables of contents
together with, 5.147
tone marks, 11.91
too, 5.161, 6.56
topographical divisions, 8.54–56, 10.35, 15.98
totals, in tables, 3.54, 3.64, 3.75–76, 3.82, figs. 3.16–17, fig. 3.22
tracking changes (redlining)
ambiguity in, 2.89
and archival practices, 2.83
authors’ review of, 2.77, 2.94
in authors’ review of copyedited manuscripts, 2.93
vs. comparing documents, 2.91
conventions of, 2.18, 2.89
example of, fig. 2.4
explained in cover letter, 2.76
removed before manuscript submission, 2.44
when not to use, 2.85, 2.90
See also manuscript editing; word processors
trade publishing, 4.112
trademarks, 4.16, 7.85, 8.131, 8.154–55, 8.192, 10.7, 10.55. See also brand names
trailing slashes, in URLs, 6.120, 13.12
trains, 8.118. See also vehicles and vessels
trans, as prefix, 7.96 (sec. 4)
transcriptions, 2.67, 2.85, 6.119, 10.13, 12.6, 12.56–58. See also American Sign Language
transgender, gay, lesbian, 8.42
transitive verbs, 5.21, 5.102, 5.122
translated by, abbreviated or spelled out, 13.19, 13.108, 14.5–6
translations and translated works
avoiding retranslation of, 11.19
copyright of, 1.22, 1.32, fig. 1.3, 4.79
credits for, 11.16, 12.57
dedications in, 1.40
of non-English terms in English context, 6.102, 6.106, 11.5–6, 11.20–21; capitalization of, 11.20; glosses, 6.102, 6.106, 11.6; proper nouns, 11.5; punctuation in, 11.21
punctuation in, 6.102, 6.105, 6.106, 11.14, 11.21
and quotations: adjusting translations, 11.17; avoiding retranslation, 11.19; crediting translations, 11.16; editing translations, 2.67, 11.18; including or omitting translations, 11.14; placement of translations, 11.14; translations plus sources, 11.15
rights for, 4.35, 4.112
source citations for, 13.101, 14.82
subsidiary rights for, 4.35, 4.112
titles of, fig. 1.3, 11.11–12, 13.101
translators’ notes on, 1.50, 13.54
as works made for hire, 4.10
translators
biographical notes on, 1.75
notes by, 1.50, 13.54, fig. 13.4
See also editors; manuscript preparation guidelines for authors; translators’ names
translators’ names
on covers or jackets, 1.79
in source citations: abbreviations with, 10.48, 13.19, 14.5–6; in addition to authors’ names, 14.6; for classical Greek and Latin works, 14.146; examples and variations of, 13.24; for journal articles, 14.82; in place of authors’ names, 14.5; shortened citations, 13.35; text citations, 13.116, 14.5
on title pages, 1.21
transliteration and transliterated text, 11.78–82
citing religious works in, 14.141
italic vs. roman type for terms in, 11.82, 11.97–98, 11.120
proper nouns, 11.5
resources on, 11.78, 11.81, 11.83, 11.89, 11.94, 11.100, 11.107
and special characters, 2.85, 11.2, 11.79, 11.81, 11.99
titles of works and institutions, 11.8–12
and Unicode for non-Latin alphabets, 11.2, 11.79–80, 11.99, 11.120, 11.125, 11.132, tables 11.2–5
See also Arabic language; Chinese language; Cyrillic alphabet; Greek alphabet; Hebrew language; Japanese language; Korean language; Russian language; South Asian languages
transportation. See business and commerce; roads and thoroughfares; vehicles and vessels
transposition, marking proofs for, 2.100, 2.133
treaties and acts, 8.81–82, 14.176, 14.191. See also legal and public documents
trigger (content) warnings, 1.35, 1.79
trillion, 5.254
triphthongs, 11.73
Turkish language, 11.77
Turkmen language, 11.77
turn of the century, 9.34
twenty-four-hour system, 9.41–42
Twitter, 8.193, 14.106. See also social media
2-em dashes
length of, 6.79
with letters standing for names (e.g., A——), 7.69
marking manuscripts for, 2.101
for missing or illegible words, 6.99, 12.70
Two-Spirit, two-spirit, 8.42
type size
for appendixes, 1.66
for bibliographies and reference lists, 1.70
for endnotes, 1.69
for indexes, 1.73, 15.134
for manuscript submissions, 2.9, 2.22, 2.23–24
for titles and subtitles, 1.21
word-processor styles for, 2.87
type styles. See boldface; capital letters; fonts and typefaces; italics; roman (type)
typefaces. See fonts and typefaces
typescripts, 14.124
typesetters and typesetting
adjusting and checking tables, checklist for, 3.87
errors assigned to, 2.140
Greek alphabet, 11.121
and indexes, 15.133, 15.143
instructions to, 2.86, 2.98, 2.121, 2.123, 2.126
musical examples, 3.4, fig. 3.5
See also fonts and typefaces
typographic considerations. See boldface; design; fonts and typefaces; italics; special characters; type size